Bootcamp got me a job. How far can I expect my career to progress?

Yeah no need to finish the bootcamp. I work with a lot of people now that have a very similar background and there are definitely paths to top tier jobs down the road. So once you hit about a year on the job, you'll easily get interviews in the future without 500 applications. Recruiters will reach out to you proactively! You'll need to brush up on data structures and algorithms and other gaps to make a top tier jump. But you can cross that bridge when you get there.